A thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of the thyroid gland, offering a critical solution for patients dealing with thyroid disorders or thyroid cancer.
Who Is a Candidate for Thyroidectomy?
There are several medical conditions for which a thyroidectomy may be the best course of action. Patients with any of the following conditions would be candidates for thyroidectomy:
- Thyroid cancer: If cancer is confirmed, the complete removal of the thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy) is typically recommended to ensure that cancerous tissues are fully eradicated and do not spread to other parts of the body.
- Goiter: An enlarged thyroid gland (goiter) can press on the trachea and esophagus, causing difficulty breathing or swallowing. In cases where a goiter causes significant discomfort or functional problems, removing all or part of the thyroid may be necessary.
- Benign thyroid nodules: Non-cancerous growths or nodules can develop in the thyroid and may cause difficulty swallowing, breathing problems, or aesthetic concerns due to an enlarged thyroid (goiter). In some cases, removing the nodules or part of the thyroid can relieve these symptoms and restore normal function.
- Hyperthyroidism: When the thyroid produces excessive hormones (hyperthyroidism), it can cause rapid weight loss, increased heart rate, and nervousness. While medications and radioactive iodine are often used to treat hyperthyroidism, thyroidectomy may be recommended for patients who do not respond well to these treatments or cannot tolerate them.
- Graves’ disease: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune condition that leads to hyperthyroidism. If medications fail to control the disease or radioactive iodine therapy is not an option, thyroidectomy may be considered to remove the overactive thyroid tissue.